Z-scores represent a crucial part in Lean Six Sigma by providing a consistent measure of how far a data point departs from the mean. Essentially, they transform raw data into comparable units, allowing for precise analysis and improvement. A positive Z-score suggests a value above the mean, while a negative Z-score signifies a value below the mean.

The Initiate phase of a Lean Six Sigma project forms the groundwork for success. In this case study, we investigate how a manufacturing company leveraged the Define phase to pinpoint inefficiencies in their production process. A cross-functional team was assembled consisting of representatives from diverse departments, including operations, qualit